The Spirit in Scripture
He wrote to Timothy: 'For God did not give you a spirit of slavery, but a spirit of power and love and self-control' (2 Timothy 1:7), and to the Romans: 'I urge you, brothers, through our Lord Jesus Christ and through the love of the Spirit' (Romans 15:30), and to the Galatians: 'But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace' (Galatians 5:22), similar to 'God is love' (1 John 4:8), and to 'He transferred us into the kingdom of the love of his Son' (Revelation 22:2); and 'just as Christ loved the church' (Ephesians 5:2), and again: 'the Son of God who loved me' (Galatians 2:20), similar also to 'you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the power of the Father' (Mark 13:32), and to 'I knew a power going out from me' (John 10:40).
A spirit of wisdom and understanding, a spirit of counsel and strength, a spirit of knowledge and godliness; a spirit of the fear of God, a spirit of judgment and burning, as Isaiah prophesies; and as Wisdom says: 'for the spirit of wisdom is a lover of mankind,' and as Moses relates in Exodus: 'Behold, God has called by name Bezalel, the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, and has filled him with a divine spirit of wisdom and understanding and knowledge' (Exodus 31:2), and according to Baruch: 'You have left the fountain of wisdom' (Baruch 3:9), and as the proverbs teach: 'God established the earth by wisdom, and prepared the heavens by understanding' (Proverbs 3:19), just as Isaiah said concerning God the Father: 'He was wise in doing evil against them' (Isaiah 5:5). And concerning the Only-Begotten, Paul said: 'Christ, the power of God and the wisdom of God' (1 Corinthians 1:24); and another: 'I will bless the Lord who gave me understanding' (Psalm 119:34).
A spirit of gentleness, just as Paul admonishes the Galatians: 'Brothers, if even a person is caught in a transgression, you who are spiritual should restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness' (Galatians 6:1). A spirit of discipline, that is, of wisdom. For wisdom says: 'the spirit of discipline will flee from guile, and will turn away from foolish thoughts.' A spirit of adoption, as—
Paul first sent to the Romans: 'For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, these are sons of God' (Rom 8:14). 'For you received the Spirit of adoption, in whom we cry: Abba, Father; the Spirit itself bears witness with our spirit, that we are children of God' (Rom 8:15-16).
3.12 The Spirit of promise, according to the same apostle writing to the Ephesians: 'in whom also, having believed, you were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, who is the pledge of our inheritance' (Eph 1:13), and to the Galatians: 'Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us. For it is written: Cursed is everyone who is hung on a tree; so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith' (Gal 3:13-14).
3.13 The Spirit of faith and revelation, according to the same apostle to the Corinthians: declaring in the second epistle: 'having the same Spirit of faith' (2 Cor 3:3), and again: 'but God revealed to us through His Spirit' (1 Cor 2:10). This is similar to what he showed to the Romans: 'God is faithful, through whom you were called into the fellowship of His Son' (1 Cor 1:9), and to that which was said under Moses in Deuteronomy: 'and you shall know today, that the Lord your God, He is God, the faithful God' (Deut 7:9), and to the Psalmist: 'Faithful is the Lord in all His words and holy in all His works' (Ps 119:89, 160).
3.14 The guiding Spirit, the straight Spirit, according to David in the 4th Psalm confessing: 'With a guiding spirit, sustain me' (Ps 143:10); likewise to the Psalmist in the 122nd Psalm: 'For straight is the word of the Lord, and all His works are in faithfulness' (Ps 33:4), and to Moses saying: 'Straight is the Lord our God, and there is no injustice in Him' (Deut 32:4).
3.15 The Spirit of grace, just as the apostle writes to the Hebrews: 'He who has despised the Son of God and insulted the Spirit of grace' (Heb 10:29); for the same one also wrote concerning the Father: 'I am by the grace of God, as I am' (1 Cor 15:10), and his grace is in me; and concerning the Son: 'The grace of our Lord Jesus...'
Greek
Τιμόθεον ἔγραψεν· «οὐ γὰρ ἔδωκεν ὑμῖν ὁ θεὸς πνεῦμα δουλείας, ἀλλὰ πνεῦμα δυνάμεως καὶ ἀγάπης καὶ σωφρονισμοῦ», καὶ πρὸς Ῥωμαίους· «παρακαλῶ δὲ ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, διὰ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ διὰ ἀγάπης τοῦ πνεύματος», καὶ ἑτέρωθι· «ὁ δὲ καρπὸς τοῦ πνεύματός ἐστιν ἀγάπη, χαρά, εἰρήνη,» 3.7 ὅμοιον τῷ. «ὁ θεὸς ἀγάπη ἐστίν,» καὶ τῷ· «μετέστησεν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ·» καί· «καθὼς ὁ Χριστὸς ἠγάπησεν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν,» καὶ πάλιν· «τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντός με,» ὅμοιον καὶ τῷ· «ἀπάρτι ὄψεσθε τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καθήμενον ἐκ δεξιῶν τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ πατρός,» καὶ τῷ· «ἐγὼ ἔγνων δύναμιν ἐξελθοῦσαν ἐξ ἐμοῦ.» 3.8 πνεῦμα σοφίας καὶ συνέσεως, πνεῦμα βουλῆς καὶ ἰσχύος, πνεῦμα γνώσεως καὶ εὐσεβείας· πνεῦμα φόβου θεοῦ, πνεῦμα κρίσεως καὶ καύσεως, ὡς Ἡσαῖας προφητεύει· καὶ ὡς ἡ σοφία λέγει· «φιλάνθρωπον γὰρ πνεῦμα σοφίας,» καὶ ὡς Μωυσῆς ἐν τῇ Ἐξόδῳ διηγεῖται· «ἰδοὺ ἀνακέκληκεν ὁ θεὸς ἐξ ὀνόματος τὸν Βεσελεὴλ τὸν τοῦ Οὐρί, τὸν τοῦ Ὤρ, ἐκ φυλῆς Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐνέπλησεν αὐτὸν πνεῦμα θεῖον σοφίας καὶ συνέσεως καὶ ἐπιστήμης,» καὶ κατὰ τὸν Βαρούχ· «ἐγκατέλιπες τὴν πηγὴν τῆς σοφίας», καὶ ὡς αἱ παροιμίαι διδάσκουσιν· «ὁ θεὸς τῇ σοφίᾳ ἐθεμελίωσεν τὴν γῆν, ἡτοίμασεν δὲ οὐ ρανοὺς ἐν φρονήσει,» καθὰ περὶ τοῦ θεοῦ πατρὸς Ἡσαῖας εἶπεν· «αὐτὸς σοφὸς ἦγεν ἐπ' αὐτοὺς κακά». περὶ δὲ τοῦ μονογενοῦς Παῦλος ἔφη· «Χριστός, θεοῦ δύναμις, καὶ θεοῦ σοφία·» καὶ ἄλλος· «εὐλογήσω τὸν κύριον τὸν συνετίσαντά με.» 3.9 πνεῦμα πραότητος, καθὰ Παῦλος νουθετεῖ Γαλάτας· «ἀδελφοί, ἐὰν καὶ προληφθῇ ἄνθρωπος ἔν τινι παραπτώματι, ὑμεῖς οἱ πνευματικοὶ καταρτίζετε τὸν τοιοῦτον ἐν πνεύ ματι πραότητος.» 3.10 πνεῦμα παιδείας, τουτέστι σοφίας. ἡ γὰρ σοφία λέγει· «πνεῦμα παιδείας φεύξεται δόλον, καὶ ἀπαναστήσεται ἀπὸ λογισμῶν ἀσυνέτων.» 3.11 πνεῦμα υἱοθεσίας, ὡς Παῦλος τὸ πρῶτον Ῥωμαίοις ἀπέστειλεν· «ὅσοι γὰρ πνεύματι θεοῦ ἄγονται, οὗτοι υἱοὶ θεοῦ εἰσιν. ὅτι γὰρ ἐλάβετε πνεῦμα υἱοθεσίας, ἐν ᾧ κράζομεν· Ἀββὰ ὁ πατήρ, αὐτὸ τὸ πνεῦμα συμμαρτυρεῖ τῷ πνεύματι ἡμῶν, ὅτι ἐσμὲν τέκνα θεοῦ.» 3.12 πνεῦμα ἐπαγγελίας, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν ἀπόστολον Ἐφεσίοις γράφοντα· «ἐν ᾧ καὶ πιστεύσαντες, ἐσφραγίσθητε τῷ πνεύματι τῆς ἐπαγγελίας τῷ ἁγίῳ, ὅς ἐστιν ἀρραβὼν τῆς κληρονομίας ἡμῶν,» καὶ πρὸς Γαλάτας· «Χριστὸς ἡμᾶς ἐξηγόρασεν ἐκ τῆς κατάρας τοῦ νόμου, γενό μενος ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν κατάρα. γέγραπται γάρ· ἐπικατάρατος πᾶς ὁ κρεμάμενος ἐπὶ ξύλου· ἵνα εἰς τὰ ἔθνη ἡ εὐλογία τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ γένηται ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ἵνα τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ πνεύματος λάβωμεν διὰ τῆς πίστεως.» 3.13 πνεῦμα πίστεως καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν Κορινθίοις· δηλοῦντα ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ ἐπιστολῇ· «ἔχοντες δὲ τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα τῆς πίστεως», καὶ πάλιν· «ἡμῖν δὲ ὁ θεὸς ἀπεκάλυψεν διὰ πνεύματος αὐτοῦ.» ὅμοιον οὖν ᾧ Ῥωμαίοις ἐδήλωσεν· «πιστὸς ὁ θεός, δι' οὗ ἐκλήθητε εἰς κοινωνίαν τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ», καὶ τῷ ὑπὸ Μωυσέως ἐν τῷ δευτερονομίῳ λεχθέντι· «καὶ γνώσῃ σήμερον, ὅτι κύριος ὁ θεός σου, οὗτος θεὸς ὁ θεὸς ὁ πιστός,» καὶ τῷ ψάλλοντι· «πιστὸς κύριος ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς λόγοις αὐτοῦ καὶ ὅσιος ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἔργοις αὐτοῦ.» 3.14 πνεῦμα ἡγεμονικόν, πνεῦμα εὐθὲς κατὰ τὸν ∆αυὶδ ἐν τῷ νʹ ἐξομολογούμενον· «πνεύματι ἡγεμονικῷ στήρισόν με»· ὁμοίως τῷ ψάλλοντι ἐν λβʹ· «ὅτι εὐθὴς ὁ λόγος τοῦ κυρίου καὶ πάντα τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ ἐν πίστει», καὶ τῷ Μωυσεῖ λέγοντι· «εὐθὴς κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἀδικία ἐν αὐτῷ.» 3.15 πνεῦμα χάριτος, καθὰ ὁ ἀπόστολος Ἑβραίοις ἐπιστέλλει· «ὁ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καταπατήσας καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς χάριτος ἐνυβρίσας,» καὶ γὰρ ὁ αὐτὸς ἔγραψεν περὶ μὲν τοῦ πατρός· «χάριτι θεοῦ εἰμί, ὅ εἰμι 47 καὶ ἡ χάρις αὐτοῦ ἡ εἰς ἐμέ,» περὶ δὲ τοῦ υἱοῦ· «ἡ χάρις τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ
About this text
Didymus the Blind defends the full divinity of Father, Son, and Spirit against those who rank them.
Catalogue & scope
Khazarzar scan
Witnesses
- Copy-text PG (Khazarzar) (Greek)
This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.