The Lamp as Spiritual Insight
The Spirit dances, carrying torches. Just as a torch appeared above the interpreted lamp, so also seven lamps appeared above that lamp, being a seven-fold radiance. For just as the manner of perfect luminous intellect is called seven eyes, and seven pillars support the house of wisdom, so also the seven lamps sit upon the lamp, in another manner being that which the Savior took during His visitation, soul and flesh.
For how is this whole lamp not golden, having not committed sin nor known it, upon which sit seven lamps: the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of divine counsel, and strength, and knowledge, and piety, and fear of God. And how does each of these stand in relation to the one who ceased rising from the root of Jesse, having been made clear previously when it was foretold: 'A rod shall come forth from the root of Jesse' (Isaiah 11:1), and the whole scope of the prophecy announcing these things.
And this seven-shining power of the seven lamps above the lamp is nourished and increases, the oil being dispensed through the seven wicks, flowing as the nourishment and guarding the light. And this is nothing other than the study of the knowledge of the truth. For from studying we bear fruit in memory and a stronger vision.
Upon all those things observed—the lamp, the torch, the seven wicks, and the lamps—two oils were also seen above the lamp, one of which was on the right and the other on the left of the torch. And see if the study concerning the intelligible things and the gifts of the Holy Spirit is oil being harvested from the oil on the right, while that concerning the world and its constitution and the providence from God is pressed from the oil on the left.
They suppose, according to a theory, to say another, an oil being on the right of the torch, to be the theory concerning the Only-begotten Son of God, the one on the left nourishing the Word concerning the incarnation. For this one also shines, but not in the same way as the theory on the right and preceding. I once heard a teacher leading the Catholic Church clarifying the presented word, that the torch above the lamp is the...
The light is the illumination of the Father, and the oils on the right and from the good-smelling ones are the words concerning the Son and the Holy Spirit. But he did not provide this interpretation, bearing this meaning, as to how one thing is on the right and the other is from the good-smelling ones.
Since the present theory concerning the lamp is not a sensible but a mental one, see whether this is not that which Moses saw on the mountain according to the pattern shown to him, and not another being of the so-called idea; toward the invisible and mental lamp the sensible one was constructed according to the description of the hierophant Moses.
It is not untimely to write alongside the things seen and that which was said in the Gospel by Jesus: 'No one,' he says, 'having lit a lamp, puts it in a hidden place or under a vessel or a bed, but on the lamp, so that all those in the house may see the light' (Matt 5:15).
It is possible in these things to take the house to be the Church of the living God, becoming His house, in which those remaining and dwelling, standing according to its doctrines, are illuminated toward the lamp placed by the lamp, which is snatched away by the one educating those traversing in the house of God according to the statutes and canons and doctrines of the ecclesiastical opinion. And this teacher illuminates when he lifts up his own mind like a lamp, which he does not hide under a bed or vessel, but places upon his spoken word, being allegorically addressed as a lamp, having 'a tongue of instruction' as it must be said.
It is also possible to call the practical life a lamp, upon which the enlightened mind of the one who has enlightened himself with the light of knowledge rests. Let him who is urging on the present clarity of the existing prophetic word examine whether it is necessary to receive it or to seek another from those... having stepped into understanding. For thus an exactified intellect comes to bear fruit.
'And I asked and said to the angel speaking in me, saying, What are these, Lord? And the angel speaking in me answered and said to me, saying, This is the word of the Lord to Zerubbabel, saying, Not by might nor by power, but by my spirit, says the Lord of all' (Zech 4:6). The prophet says he asked the angel speaking in him, desiring to learn what the divine things shown to him were.
Greek
Πνεύματος, χορεύουσιν λαμπαδηφοροῦσαι. 1.280 Ὥσπερ δὲ τὸ λαμπάδιον ὤφθη ἐπάνω τῆς ἑρμηνευθείσης λυχνίας, οὕτω καὶ ἑπτὰ λύχνοι ἐπάνω αὐτῆς τῆς λυχνίας ἐφάνησαν, ἑπτάφωτος ἐπίλαμψις οὖσα. Ὅνπερ γὰρ τρόπον ἡ τελεία φωτεινὴ νόησις ἑπτὰ ὀφθαλμοὶ εἴρηνται καὶ ἑπτὰ στῦλοι τὸν οἶκον τῆς σοφίας ἀντιστηρίζουσιν, οὕτω καὶ οἱ ἑπτὰ λύχνοι ἐπίκεινται τῇ λυχνίᾳ, καθ' ἕτερον τρόπον οὔσης ἣν ἀνείληφεν ὁ Σωτὴρ κατὰ τὴν ἐπιδημίαν ψυχὴν καὶ σάρκα. 1.281 Πῶς γὰρ οὐ χρυσῆ ὅλη λυχνία αὕτη, ἁμαρτίαν μὴ ποιήσασα μηδὲ γνοῦσα αὐτήν, ᾗ ἐπίκεινται ἑπτὰ λύχνοι, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς σοφίας καὶ συνέσεως, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς θείας βουλῆς, καὶ ἰσχύος, καὶ γνώσεως, καὶ εὐσεβείας, καὶ φόβου Θεοῦ. 1.282 Πῶς δ' ἔχει τούτων ἕκαστον πρὸς 28 τοῦτον ᾧ ἐπανεπαύσαντο ἀνατείλαντα ἐκ τῆς ῥίζης Ἰεσσαί, σεσαφήνισται πρότερον ὅτε προέκειτο τό· «Ἐξελεύσεται ῥάβδος ἐκ τῆς ῥίζης Ἰεσσαί», καὶ πᾶσα ἡ περιοχὴ τῆς προφητείας ἡ ἀπαγγέλλουσα περὶ τούτων. 1.283 Αὕτη δὲ ἡ ἑπταφεγγὴς δύναμις τῶν ἐπάνω τῆς λυχνίας ἑπτὰ λύχνων τρέφεται καὶ αὔξεται, ἐποχετευομένου ἐλαίου διὰ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἐπαρυστρίδων ἐπιρρεουσῶν τὸ τρέφον καὶ φυλάττον τὸ φῶς ἔλ̣αιον. Οὐχ ἕτερον δὲ τοῦτο τυγχάνει τῆς μελέτης τῆς γνώσεως τῆς ἀληθείας. Μνήμην γὰρ καὶ κραταιοτέραν θεωρίαν ἐκ τοῦ μελετᾶν καρπούμεθα. 1.284 Ἐπὶ πᾶσι τοῖς τεθεωρημένοις τῆς λυχνίας καὶ τοῦ λαμπαδίου καὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἐπαρυστρίδων καὶ ἰσαρίθμων λύχνων, ὤφθησαν καὶ ἐλαῖαι δύο ἐπάνω τῆς λυχνίας, ὧν ἣ μὲν ἐκ δεξιῶν ἣ δὲ ἐξ ἀριστέρων ἔκειντο τοῦ λαμπαδίου. Καὶ ὅρα εἰ ἡ περὶ τῶν νοητῶν καὶ τῶν χαρισμάτων τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος μελέτη ἔλαιόν ἐστι τρυγώμενον ἐκ τῆς ἐκ δεξιῶν ἐλαίας, ἣ δὲ περὶ τοῦ κόσμου καὶ συστάσεως αὐτοῦ καὶ προνοίας τῆς ἐκ Θεοῦ ἐκ τῆς εὐωνύμου ἐλαίας πιέζεται. 1.285 Οἴονται κατὰ θεωρίαν ἄλλην, ἐλαίαν ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ λαμπαδίου οὖσαν εἰπεῖν τὴν περὶ τοῦ Μονογενοῦς Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ θεωρίαν, τῆς ἐξ εὐωνύμων κειμένης τρεφούσης τὸν περὶ τῆς ἐνανθρωπήσεως λόγον. Φωτίζων γὰρ καὶ οὗτος, ἀλλ' οὐχ ὡσαύτως τῆς ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ προηγουμένης θεωρίας. 1.286 Ἤκουσα ἐγώ ποτε προϊσταμένου τῆς καθολικῆς Ἐκκλησίας διδασκάλου σαφηνίζοντος τὴν προκειμένην λέξιν ὅτι τὸ λαμπάδιον τὸ ἐπάνω τῆς λυχνίας ὁ περὶ τοῦ Πατρὸς φωτισμός ἐστιν, αἱ δὲ ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ ἐξ εὐωνύμων αὐτοῦ ἐλαῖαι οἱ περὶ Υἱοῦ καὶ ἁγίου Πνεύματός εἰσιν λόγοι. Οὐκ ἀποδέδωκε δὲ ὁ ταύτην τὴν ἑρμηνείαν φέρων πῶς ὃ μὲν ἐκ δεξιῶν, ὃ δὲ ἐξ εὐωνύμων ἐστίν. 1.287 Ἐπεὶ ἡ προκειμένη θεωρία περὶ λυχνίας οὐκ αἰσθητῆς ἀλλὰ νοητῆς ὑπάρχει, ὅρα μὴ αὕτη ἐστὶν ἣν εἶδεν Μωϋσῆς ἐν τῷ ὄρει κατὰ τὸν τύπον τὸν δειχθέντα αὐτῷ, οὐχ ἕτερον ὄντα τῆς καλουμένης ἰδέας· πρὸς τὴν ἀόρατον καὶ νοητὴν λυχνίαν ἡ αἰσθητὴ κατεσκευάσθη κ̣ατὰ τὴν υ῾̣φήγησιν τοῦ ἱεροφάντου Μωϋσέως. 1.288 Οὐκ ἄκαιρον προσ̣παρ̣αγράφειν τοῖς τεθεωρημένοις καὶ τὸ ἐν Εὐαγγελίῳ λεχθὲν ὑπὸ Ἰησοῦ· «Οὐδείς, φησίν, ἅψας λύχνον εἰς κρυπτὴν τίθησιν ἢ ὑπὸ σ̣κεῦος ἢ κλίνην, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τὴν λυχνίαν, ἵνα πάντες οἱ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ ὁρῶσι τὸ φῶς.» 1.289 ∆υνατὸν ἐν τούτοις ἐκλαβεῖν οἰκίαν τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ 1.289 ζῶντος Θεοῦ, οἶκον αὐτοῦ τυγχάνουσαν, ἐν ᾗ οἱ παραμένοντες καὶ διατρίβοντες, κατὰ δόγματα αὐτῆς διακείμενοι, καταλάμπονται πρὸς τοῦ ἐπικειμένου τῇ λυχνίᾳ λύχνου, ἐξαπτομένου ὑπὸ τοῦ παιδεύοντος τοὺς ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ διάγοντας κατὰ τοὺς θεσμοὺς καὶ κανόνας καὶ δόγματα τῆς ἐκκλησιαστικῆς γνώμης. Φωτίζει δ' οὗτος ὁ διδάσκαλος ὅταν οἷα λύχνον ἄρῃ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ νοῦν, ὅνπερ οὐ κρύπτει ὑπὸ κλίνην ἢ σκεῦος, ἀλλ' ἐπιτίθη̣σιν̣ τῷ προφορικῷ αὐτοῦ λόγῳ, λυχνίᾳ ἀλληγορικῶς προσαγορευομένῳ, ἔχων «γλῶτταν παιδείας ἡνίκα δεῖ εἰπεῖν». 1.290 Οἷόν τε καὶ πρακτικὸν βίον λυχνίαν εἰπεῖν ᾗ ἐπίκειται ὁ πεφωτισμένος νοῦς τοῦ φωτίσαντος ἑαυτῷ φῶς γνώσεως. Ὁ ἐφιστάνων τῇ παρούσῃ σαφηνείᾳ τοῦ ἐκκειμένου προφητικοῦ ῥητοῦ δοκιμαζέτω πότερον δεῖ αὐτὴν παραδέξασθαι ἢ ἑτέραν ζητεῖν παρὰ τῶν ·····δι̣αβεβηκότων ἐν συνέσει. Οὕτω γὰρ ἠκριβωμένην νόησιν ἀποκαρποῦσθαι συμβαίνει. 1.291 Zach. IV, 4®6: Καὶ ἐπηρώτησα καὶ εἶπα πρὸς τὸν ἄγγελον τὸν λαλοῦντα ἐν ἐμοὶ λέγων· Τί ἐστιν ταῦτα, Κύριε; Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν ἐν ἐμοὶ καὶ εἶπεν πρός με λέγων· Οὗτος ὁ λόγος Κυρίου πρὸς Ζοροβάβελ λέγων· Οὐκ ἐν δυνάμει μεγάλῃ οὐδὲ ἐν ἰσχύϊ, ἀλλ' ἢ ἐν πνεύματί μου, λέγει Κύριος παντοκράτωρ. 1.292 Ἐπηρωτηκέναι λέγει ὁ προφήτης τὸν λαλοῦντα ἐν αὐτῷ ἄγγελον, μαθεῖν θέλων τίνα ἐστὶν τὰ δειχθέντα αὐτῷ θεῖα
About this text
Didymus the Blind on Zechariah.
Catalogue & scope
Khazarzar scan
Witnesses
- Copy-text PG (Khazarzar) (Greek)
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