Commentary on the Psalms · §154

The Judgments of the Righteous

Regarding pre-passion: it seemed as if he were falling, but he was not shattered; for when desire has chosen to follow the thought and conquers it through beauty, he is shattered and has fallen. Such are the elders who remain, according to Sosannas. 24 For the Lord upholds his hand. 'Hand' is often said to mean the practice, the active power. Upholding his active power, He does not allow him to fall down completely. He finds where to rest the hand. And the Lord becomes for him a support, according to what was said before: 'And the Lord became my support.' He holds his power so as to say: 'You have grasped the hand of my right, and by your counsel you have guided me.' Behold the grasping 28 and the seed of the ungodly shall be destroyed.

Ungodliness is this. It is being done toward God. The 'seed' stands for 'the offspring of the ungodly.' But the 'seed' can also mean the disposition of the ungodly. And it is destroyed appropriately. In order that it may not bring forth anything remaining, the seed is destroyed. 29 The righteous shall inherit the land and shall dwell upon it for an age of ages. Upon the land spoken of. 30–31 The mouth of the righteous shall meditate on wisdom, and his tongue speaks judgment; his law is in his heart, and his steps shall not be slipped. The mouth of the righteous speaks wisdom. When the wise man is enlightened, he brings forth luminous words; for it has been said: 'The wisdom of a man lights up his face.' He who speaks this wisdom has a mind illuminated; for 'discourse' means wisdom expressed in all things of the pious one.' And again, he who obeys the one saying to him: 'Open your mouth with the word of God,' saying: 'I opened my mouth and drew in spirit,' speaks wisdom. Therefore, 'the mouth' of the one 'the righteous shall meditate on wisdom.' He always meditates on wise things, not only the theories of piety, but also the wise things of practice. 'His tongue speaks judgment.' Having been judged, he utters all things; an 'idle word' is not brought forth; for he knows that 'from his own words a person is justified, and from his words he is condemned.' Because of this, having been judged, he speaks. And just as the thoughts of the righteous are judgments—for 'thoughts' are 'judgments'...

Regarding 'judgments': they do not simply have casual thoughts, but judged, examined, and established ones. From such judgments, even a word is brought forth as judged. For this reason, 'the tongue of the righteous speaks judgment.' If it speaks what is judged, it speaks judged and examined thoughts, and its word is of this kind. Furthermore, he gives the reason: 'his law' is not in the ears only, but 'in his heart.' For 'God gives his laws into the heart and writes them upon the mind' (Ps 119:11). Since his heart is filled with the law of God, for this reason he meditates on wisdom and speaks judgment.

This being present and made straight, 'he does not slip in his steps.' He walks straight, he does not stumble—so that I might say it this way—he has upward-pointing feet. He who has upward-pointing feet does not slip, nor does he fall. For the wise has put on 'the preparation of the gospel of peace' (Isa 52:7). 'The preparation of the gospel' becomes the footwear of the righteous; for these shoes are upward-pointing, lifting upwards. For God also says to the soul: 'I have clothed you with hyacinth' (Song 2:3). He did not permit any other to put on this footwear, but He Himself clothed it. And the hyacinth loves to imitate the color of the ether. Therefore, I have clothed you with ethereal footwear.

The sinner perceives the righteous and seeks to kill him. He perceives him not in order to imitate him. Paul writes to the men in Christ: 'perceiving them unto the provocation of love and good works' (2 Cor 9:2) and other things. They perceive in order to imitate them: 'obey' 'those who lead you,' 'who spoke to you the word of God, whose outcome of conduct observing, imitate the faith' (Heb 13:7). Here, perceiving is praiseworthy. But the sinner perceives the righteous, not to imitate, not to accept, but to kill. In both ways the sinner kills the righteous: if he turns him away from righteousness, he kills him, or he kills him by treacherously bringing death against him, as the elders intended to do according to Sosannēs. And he will by no means abandon him into his hands, nor will he condemn him, when...

Greek

τῆς̣ προπαθείας· ἔδοξεν πίπτειν, ἀλλ' οὐ κατερράγη· ὅταν γὰρ εἴξῃ ἀκολουθῆσαι τῷ λογισμῷ καὶ νικήσῃ αὐτὸν τοῦ κάλλους ἡ ἐπιθυμία, κατερράγη, κατέπεσεν. οἷοί εἰσιν οἱ πρεσβύτεροι οἱ μανέντες κατὰ Σωσάννης. 24 ὅτι κύριος ἀντιστηρίζει χεῖρα αὐτοῦ. "χεὶρ" πολλάκις ἡ πρᾶξις λέγεται, ἡ ἐνεργητικὴ δύναμις. ἀντιστηρίζων τὴν ἐνεργητικὴν αὐτοῦ δύναμιν οὐκ ἐᾳ῀̣ αὐτὸν τέλεον καταπεσεῖν. εὑρίσκει ποῦ τὴν χεῖρα ἐρείσῃ. καὶ γίνεται αὐτοῦ ὁ κύριος ἀντιστήριγμα κατὰ τὰ λεχθέντα πρὸ τούτου· "καὶ ἐγένετο κύριος ἀντιστήριγμά μου". τὴν ποιητικὴν αὐτοῦ δύναμιν κρατεῖ ὥστ' ἀνειπεῖν· "ἐκράτησας τῆς χειρὸς τῆς δεξιᾶς μου, καὶ ἐν τῇ βουλήσει σου ὡδήγησάς 165 με". ἰδοὺ τὴν κράτησιν 255 28 καὶ σπέρμα ἀσεβῶν ἐξολεθρευθήσεται. ––––––––––––– –––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– ἐστὶν ἡ ἀσέβεια. εἰς θεὸν δέ ἐστιν γινομένη. τὸ "σπέρμα" ἀντὶ τοῦ "τὰ γεννήματα τῶν ἀσεβῶν". δύναται δὲ καὶ τὸ "σπέρμα" οἷον ἡ διάθεσις τῶν ἀσεβῶν. ἐξολεθρεύεται δὲ συμφερόντως. ἵνα μη´̣ τινα προεν̣έγκῃ ἔτι μένοντα, σπέρμα ἐξολεθρεύεται. 29 δίκαιοι κληρονομήσουσιν γῆν καὶ κατασκηνώσουσιν εἰς αἰῶνα αἰῶνος ἐπ' αὐτῆς. ἐπὶ τῆς γ̣ῆς τῆς εἰρημένης. 30–31 στόμα δικαίου μελετήσει σοφίαν, καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτοῦ λαλεῖ κρίσιν· ὁ νόμος αὐτοῦ ἐν καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐχ ὑποσκελισθήσεται τὰ διαβήματα αὐτοῦ. λαλεῖ σοφίαν τὸ στόμα τοῦ δικαίου. ὅταν πεφωτισμένος ᾖ ὁ σοφός̣, φωτεινοὺς προφέρει λόγους· εἴρηται γάρ· "σοφία ἀνθρώπου φωτιεῖ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ". ὁ ταύτην λαλῶν τὴν σοφίαν πεφωτισμ̣ένον ἔχει τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ νοῦ· "διήγησις" γὰρ "εὐσεβοῦς διὰ παντὸς σοφία". καὶ πάλιν ὁ λέγων ὁ πειθόμενος τῷ λέγοντι ὅτι· "ἄνοιξον στόμα σου λόγῳ θεοῦ", λέγων· "τὸ στόμα μου ἤνοιξα καὶ εἵλκυσα πνεῦμα", σοφίαν λαλεῖ. "στόμα" οὖν "δικαίου μελετήσει σοφίαν". ἀεὶ τὰ σοφὰ μελετᾷ, οὐ μ̣όνον τὰ θεωρήματα τῆς εὐσεβείας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ τῆς πράξεως σοφά. "ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτοῦ λαλει῀̣ κρίσιν". κεκριμένως πάντα φθέγγε̣τ̣ται, "ἀργὸν ῥῆμα" οὐ προφέρεται· οἶδεν γάρ, ὅτι "ἐκ τῶν λόγων ἑαυτοῦ δικαιοῦταί τις, καὶ ἐκ τῶν λόγ̣ων αὐτοῦ καταδικάζεται". διὰ τοῦτο κεκριμένως φθέγγεται. καὶ ὥσπερ οἱ λογισμοὶ τοῦ δικαίου κρίματά εἰσιν– "λογισμοὶ" γὰρ "δικαίων κρίματα"· οὐκ ἔχουσιν ἁπλῶς λογισμοὺς ῥεριμμένους, ἀλλὰ κεκριμένους καὶ ἐξητασμένους καὶ κεκ̣ανονισμένους–. ἀπὸ τῶν τοιούτων κριμάτων καὶ λόγος κε κριμένος προφέρεται. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο "ἡ γλῶσσα τοῦ δικαίου λαλεῖ κρίσιν". εἰ γὰρ ἃ λογίζεται, ταῦτα λαλεῖ, λογίζεται δὲ κεκριμένους καὶ ἐξητασμένους λογισμούς, καὶ ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ τοιοῦτός ἐστιν. καὶ λοιπὸν τὴν αἰτίαν ἀποδίδωσιν· "ὁ νόμος αὐτοῦ" οὐκ ἐν τοῖς ὠσίν ἐστιν μόνοις, ἀλλ' "ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ". "δίδωσιν" γὰρ "ὁ θεὸς νόμους αὐτοῦ εἰς καρδίαν καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπιγράφει αὐτούς". οὗ οὖν πεπλήρωται ἡ καρδία αὐτοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ νόμου, διὰ τοῦτο καὶ σοφίαν μελετᾷ καὶ κρίσιν λαλεῖ. τούτου δὲ ὑπαρχθέντος καὶ κατορθωθέντος "οὐχ ὑποσκελίζεται τὰ διαβήματα αὐτοῦ". κατ' εὐθὺ βαίνει, οὐ προσκόπτει, ἵν' οὕτως εἴπω, ὑποπτέρους ἔχει πόδας. ὁ δὲ ὑποπτέρους ἔχων πόδας οὐκ ὀλισθαίνει, οὐ διαπταίει. ὑποδέδεται γοῦν ὁ σοφὸς "τὴν ἑτοιμασίαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς εἰρήνης". "ἡ ἑτοιμασία τοῦ εὐαγγελίου" ὑπ̣οδήματα γίνεται τῶν ποδῶν τοῦ δικαίου· ταύτα γὰρ τὰ ὑποδήματα ὑπόπτερά εἰσιν ἄνω φέροντα. λέγει γοῦν καὶ ὁ θεὸς̣ τῇ ψυχῇ· "ὑπέδησά σε ὑάκινθον". οὐκ ἄλλῳ τοῦτο τὸ ὑπόδημα περιθεῖναι ἐπέτρεψεν, ἀλλ' αὐτὸς αὐτὸ ὑπέδησεν. φιλεῖ δὲ ὁ ὑάκινθος μιμεῖσθαι τοῦ αἰθέρος τὸ χρῶμα. αἰθέριον οὖν ὑπόδημα ὑπέδησά σε. 32 κατανοεῖ ὁ ἁμαρτωλὸς τὸν δίκαιον καὶ ζητεῖ τοῦ θανατῶσαι αὐτόν. κατανοεῖ οὐχ ἵνα μιμήσηται αὐτόν. Παῦλος γράφει τοῖς ἐν Χριστῷ ἀνθρώποις· "κατανοοῦντες αὐτοὺς εἰς παροξυνμὸν ἀγάπης καὶ καλῶν ἔργων" καὶ τἆλλα. κατανοοῦσιν, ἵνα μιμήσωνται αὐτούς· "πείθεσθε" γὰρ "τοῖς ἡγουμένοις ὑμῶν", "οἵτινες ἐλάλησαν ὑμῖν τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ, ὧν ἀναθεωροῦντες τὴν ἔκβασιν τῆς ἀναστροφῆς μιμεῖσθε τὴν πίστιν". ὧδε τὸ κατανοεῖν ἐπαινετόν ἐστιν. ὁ δὲ ἁμ̣αρτωλὸς κατανοεῖ τὸν δίκαιον, οὐχ ἵνα μιμήσηται, οὐχ ἵνα ἀποδέξηται, ἀλλ' ἵνα θανατώσῃ. ἀμφοτέρως δὲ θανατοῖ ὁ ἁμαρτωλὸς τὸν δίκαιον· ἐὰν ἀποστήσῃ αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῆς δικαιοσύνης, θανατοῖ αὐτόν, ἢ θανατοῖ αὐτὸν ἐπιβουλευτικῶς ἐπιφέρων κατ' αὐτοῦ θάνατον, ὡς διενόησαν ποιεῖν κατὰ Σωσάννης οἱ πρεσβύτεροι. 33 καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐνκαταλείψει αὐτὸν εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ οὐδὲ μὴ καταδικάσει αὐτόν, ὅταν

About this text

Didymus the Blind on the Psalms.

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