Commentary on the Psalms · §77

Integrity of Character and the Beauty of the Soul

Rejoicing. The evening is the end of the day and the beginning of the night, just as in the morning the end is of the night and the beginning is of the day. But many times it has been said that the opposites, the good and the evil, are co-existing. It is possible to receive in the evening the end of the shadow, the end of the letter.

But when someone wishes to be among them having received the end of the letter and of the shadow, he weeps rather, no longer seeing the pleasantness of the letter, no longer beholding the flower of the Scripture. But when the life-giving Spirit has risen and the New Covenant has been revealed, it is a beginning of the day bringing rejoicing.

Likewise also the more common things: when the assembly from circumcision received the evening of the powerful Sun of Righteousness—for 'she emptied herself,' 'bearing seven, the sun had not yet departed while the day was still in the midst'—she bore seven; then the Sabbath was reached, so that according to it he might spiritually complete all things and become a mother of good thoughts and works; but she emptied herself: she did not receive the fullness, from which having received, John, who signifies the letter and the old Scripture, says: 'of his fullness we have all received' (John 1:16). Because of this, her soul was discouraged, desiring the sun 'while the day was still in the midst,' while this age is still standing; for he himself is also often called day. 'And into the morning' therefore, 'rejoicing.'

7 'And I said in my prosperity, I shall never be shaken for ever' (Ps 92:12). The expression is ambiguous. It can be read thus: 'And I said in my prosperity, I shall never be shaken for ever.' When I am prospering, I said this: I shall never be shaken for ever. But it can also be thus: 'I said, In my prosperity I shall never be shaken for ever.' Both markings have meaning. When he prospers, sowing into righteousness and having harvested generations of righteousness, it was determined thus, that I shall no longer be shaken for ever; for if 'he who does the will of God remains for ever' (1 John 2:17) and 'his righteousness' is 'immortal,' having brought the generations...

Regarding righteousness and uprightness, I said: for I said so with my disposition, as if toward the statement 'no one says Lord Jesus,' both in disposition and in life. I confessed this, bringing forth generations of uprightness and virtue, that I remain unshaken for ever according to: 'he who believes, and everyone living and believing, shall by no means die for ever' (cf. 1 John 2:17); and: 'the righteousness of the Lord remains for the age of ages' (Ps 37:29). And it is also possible thus: to verse differently, 'I said in my uprightness'; when they were being upright and seemed to be resting, he said 'I shall by no means be shaken for ever.' If indeed help had not come quickly, he would have been cut down, because he had encouraged himself, having great confidence in the fruitfulness. If, therefore, the saying is the face of the Savior, let the former thought be held; but if it is of the others, let this also be accepted.

8 Lord, in your will, grant power to my beauty. That is, he says, either gracefully or thankfully. Let us see what kind of beauty he speaks of. He does not speak of bodily beauty, but of spiritual beauty and of the inner man. This beauty, which is perceptible, which is manifested in the face and in the form, has its constitution from the proportion of the members, if the members of the man were proportional to themselves, and not to be such that some exceed and others fail; for the beauty is distorted. It is necessary to have a fitting eye for the nose and this for the mouth; for if the members were disproportionate, even if it might seem beautiful in itself, it does not make beauty for the face. This indeed he says: those virtues which follow your will, the individual ones, so that my thoughts, having been proportioned, are the actions. And in the song of songs, he who praises the bride: 'All beautiful is my beloved, and there is no flaw in you' (Song 4:7). Because of this, 'all beautiful are you,' because there is no flaw and nothing in you is outside of proportion or shame.

9 To you, Lord, I have cried out, and to my God I will help. It is possible, so that we may explain more popularly: To you, O Lord, as...

Greek

ἀγαλλίασις. τὸ ἑσπέρας τέλος ἐστὶν ἡμέρας καὶ ἀρχὴ νυκτός, ὡς αὖ τὸ πρωὶ πέρας ἐστὶν νυκτὸς καὶ ἀρχὴ ἡμέρας. ἀσυνύπαρκτα δὲ πολλάκις ἐλέχθησαν εἶναι τὰ 81 ἐναντία, τὸ ἀγαθὸν καὶ τὸ κακόν. δυνατὸν ἑσπέραν λαβεῖν τὸ τέλος τῆς σ̣κιᾶς, τὸ τέλος τοῦ γράμματος. ὅταν δὲ τέλους λαβόντος τοῦ γράμματος καὶ τῆς σκιᾶς ἐν αὐτοῖς τις θέλῃ εἶναι, κλαίει μᾶλλον οὐκέτι ὁρῶν τοῦ γράμματος τὸ ἱλαρόν, οὐκέτι τῆς γραφῆς θεωρῶν τὸ ἄνθος. ἀνατείλαντος δὲ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ζωοποιοῦντος καὶ φανείσης τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης ἀρχὴ ἡμέρας ἐστὶν φέρουσα ἀγαλλίασιν. λοιπὸν καὶ τὰ δημωδέστερα· ὅτε ἑςπέραν ἔλαβεν ἡ ἐκ περιτομῆς συναγωγὴ δύναντος αὐτῇ τοῦ ἡλίου τῆς δικαιοσύνης–"ἐκενώθη" γὰρ "τίκτουσα ἑπτά, ἐπέδυ ὁ ἥλιος αὐτῇ ἔτι μεσούσης τῆς ἡμέρας". ἑπτὰ ἔτικτε· τότε εἰλήφει τὸ σάββατον, ἵνα κατ' αὐτὸ πνευματικῶς ἐπιτελῇ πάντα καὶ μήτηρ καλῶν νοημάτων καὶ ἔργων γίνηται, ἀλλ' ἐκενώθη· οὐκ ἐδέξατο τὸ πλήρωμα, ἀφ' οὗ λαβὼν ὁ Ἰωάννης ὁ σημαίνων τὸ γράμμα καὶ τὴν παλαιὰν γραφὴν λέγει· "ἐκ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἐλάβομεν". διὰ τοῦτο ἀπεκάκησεν αὐτῆς ἡ ψυχὴ ἐπιδύναντος τοῦ ἡλίου "ἐτι μεσούσης τῆς ἡμέρας", ἔτι ἐνεστηκότος τούτου τοῦ αἰῶνος· λέγεται γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς πολλάκις ἡμέρα. "καὶ εἰς τὸ πρωὶ" οὖν "ἀγαλλίωσις". 7 ἐγὼ δὲ εἶπον ἐν τῇ εὐθηνίᾳ μου Οὐ μὴ σαλευθῶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. ἀμφίβολός ἐστιν ἡ λέξις. δύναται οὕτως ἀναγνωσθῆναι· "ἐγὼ δὲ εἶπα ἐν τῇ εὐθηνίᾳ μου Οὐ μὴ σαλευθῶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα". ὅτε εὐθήνουν, εἶπον τοῦτο· οὐ μὴ σαλευθῶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. δύναται δὲ καὶ οὕτως· "ἐγὼ εἶπα Ἐν τῇ εὐθηνίᾳ μου οὐ μὴ σαλευθῶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα". ἀμφότεραι αἱ στιγμαὶ ἔχουσιν λόγον. ὅτε εὐθήνουν σπείρας εἰς δικαιοσύνην καὶ τρυγήσας γενήματα δικαιοσύνης, οὕτω διετέθην, ὅτι οὐκέτι σαλευθήσομαι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα· εἰ γὰρ "ὁ ποιῶν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα μένει" καὶ "ἡ δικαιοσύνη" αὐτοῦ "ἀθάνατός ἐστιν", ἀγαγὼν τὰ γενήματα τῆς δικαιοσύνης καὶ εὐθηνούμενος εἶπον· εἶπον γὰρ οὕτω τῇ διαθέσει, ὡς εἰς τό· "οὐδεὶς λέγει Κύριον Ἰησοῦν", τῇ διαθέσει καὶ τῷ βίῳ. εὐθηνῶν καὶ ἀρετῆς γενήματα φέρων ὡμολόγησα τοῦτο, ὅτι ἀσάλευτος μένω εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατὰ τό· "ὁ πιστεύων καὶ πᾶς ὁ ζῶν καὶ πιστεύων οὐ μὴ ἀποθάνῃ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα"· καί· "ἡ δικαιοσύνη τοῦ κυρίου μένει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος". δυνατὸν δὲ καὶ οὕτως· ἄλλως στίξαι "ἐγὼ εἶπα ἐν τῇ εὐθηνίᾳ μου"· ὅτε εὐθήνουν καὶ ἐδόκουν διαναπαύεσθαι, εἶ135 πον· "οὐ μὴ σαλευθῶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα". εἰ μὴ ταχέως δὲ βοήθεια γέγονεν, ἐκλονεῖτο, ὅτι ἐθάρσησεν ἑαυτῷ, μέγα πέποιθεν ἐπὶ τῇ καρποφορίᾳ. ἐὰν μὲν οὖν πρόσωπον ᾖ τοῦ σωτῆρος τὸ λέγον, τὸ πρότερον κρατείτω νόημα, ἐὰν δὲ τῶν λοιπῶν, ἀποδεχέσθω καὶ τοῦτο. 8 κύριε, ἐν τῷ θελήματί σου παρέσχου τῷ κάλλει μου δύναμιν. ἤτοι εὐκτικῶς ἤτοι εὐχαριστητικῶς λέγει. ἴδωμεν, περὶ ποίου κάλλους λέγει. οὐ περὶ σωματικοῦ κάλλους λέγει, ἀλλὰ ψυχικοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἔσω ἀνθρώπου. τὸ κάλλος δὲ τοῦτο τὸ αἰσθητόν, τὸ ἐνφανταζόμενον τῷ προσώπῳ καὶ τῇ μορφῇ, ἐξ ἀναλογίας μελῶν ἔχει τὴν σύνστασιν, ἐὰν ἀνάλογα ᾐ῀̣ τὰ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου μέλη πρὸς ἑαυτὰ καὶ μὴ οὕτως εἶναι ὡς τὰ μὲν ὑπεραίρειν, τὰ δὲ εἴκειν· διαστρέφεται γὰρ το`̣ κάλλος. δεῖ κατάλληλον ὀφθαλμὸν ἔχειν τῇ ῥινὶ καὶ ταύτην τῷ στόματι· ἐὰν γὰρ ἀσύνμετρα̣ ᾐ῀̣ τὰ μέλη, κἂν αὐτὸ καθ' ἑαυτὸ δοκῇ ὡραῖον εἶναι, ἀλλ' οὐ ποιεῖ τῷ προσώπῳ κάλλος. τοῦτο γοῦν λέγει· ἐν τῷ θελήμ̣ατι τῷ σῷ ἀντακολουθοῦσιν τῶν ἀρετῶν αἱ ἰδικαί, ὥστε τὰς νοήσεις μου ἀναλογούσας̣ εἶναι ταῖς πράξεσιν. καὶ ἐν τῷ ᾄσματι τῶν ᾀσμάτων ὁ ἐπαινῶν τὴν νύμφην· "ὅλη καλή, ἡ πλησίον μου, καὶ μῶμος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν σοί". διὰ τοῦτο "ὅλη καλὴ εἶ", ὅτι οὐκ ἔνι μῶμος οὐδὲ παρὰ τὴν ἀναλογίαν ἔστιν τι ἐν σοὶ οὐδὲ αἶσχος. 9 πρὸς σέ, κύριε, κεκράξομαι καὶ πρὸς τὸν θεόν μου βοήσομαι. δύναται, ἵνα δημωδέστερον ἐξηγησώμεθα· πρὸς σέ, ὦ κύριε, ὡς

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Didymus the Blind on the Psalms.

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