Commentary on Job · §51

The Unholy Construction vs. The Spiritual House

Through evil, they produce unavenged snakes, which are trampled by the holy, as the psalm says about the perfect: 'Upon shield and basilisk you will step and trample lion and dragon' (Psalm 91:13). But these are not fabrics of garments covering the shame of sin, but of a useless and dissolvable web, which is also shown by the saying: 'They will not surround themselves from the works of their own hands'—the important one surrounding himself from the works of his own hands, as speaking boldly and thankfully saying: 'My soul will rejoice in the Lord; for he has clothed me with a garment of salvation' (Psalm 68:19), which is a garment Paul says to put on: 'Put on the bowels of mercy' (Psalm 68:2) and the following. And again: 'Put on the Lord Jesus Christ' (Romans 13:14). This garment is not a web; for it is incorruptible and therefore remains; but the web of the evils is unsubstantial; for it is wickedness. Therefore it has been said: 'His sin will be sought and will not be found through it;' for it resembles a web, dissolving; therefore also a tent, but it does not have a house like the one guarding the words of Jesus. If he should attempt to overspread his house, he will not stand.

For instance, the impious one—he who represents the deception of houses by craftiness and bad probability—this one, being convicted by the truth, will not stand, just as his deception cannot even have a standing. And when he is seized, he will not remain. For the thought of the evils, called a tent, is a falling, easily-destroyed thing, so that it has not even seemed to have happened at all. For it is moist under the sun, and from its rot his broom will come out. It is supposed that the life of the impious is something chaotic, as being dissolved by brief heat. And it should not be wondered at, if it is said to be 'moist under the sun'; for there are things that are dissolved under the sun like wax, since also under fire. Thus also the impious will be. For it has been said: 'As wax melts from the presence of fire, so the sinners shall perish from the presence of God' (Psalm 68:1). And being sifted by the 'sun'—not of 'righteousness', but that one, concerning whom it is said: 'The sun of the day shall not burn you' (Psalm 121:6)—it brings out a broom from wickedness and rot, becoming 'under it' the 'planting which the Father did not plant' (Matthew 13:25).

which also shall be uprooted. It lies upon a heap of stones, and in the midst of pebbles it shall live. This he says, because the impious one intends to be an anti-god and an anti-Christ.

For God indeed dwells in a temple and Christ dwells, according to what is said: 'Do you not know that you are a temple of God and the Spirit of God dwells in you?' (1 Cor 3:16), and again it is said: 'If anyone loves me, we will come and make a dwelling with him' (John 14:23). 'For we are the house of Christ, if we hold fast the boldness and the boast until the end' (2 Cor 3:6). A house is a composition of stones according to art, having union with others; such is virtue and purity and the very participation of the One.

But what is the scattering of stones and the mixing of pebbles? It is near to evil, which has no union but disorder. The impious, therefore, has his whole conduct in a house of evil, being scattered like stones being built up among those outside, which do not fit 'the building of the tower' according to the Shepherd. If he presses down, the place will deceive him.

Even if we submit the words, as many as are held firm, to the minds [of which the words spoken by the diligent are near], we should not be surprised. For he said: 'Inquire of the first generation, and search according to the race of the fathers' (Wisdom 10:18), as he himself learned from them; and do not let your thoughts be lost through not knowing, lest you fall into any misfortune.

The 'pressing down' is often taken in Scripture as that: 'Israel was trodden down, and became among the nations as a useless vessel' (Judges 5:23), that is, he is conquered. And again: 'In the rising up of men against us, would they have trodden us down while living?' (Ps 69:1). And again: 'That the mortal might be trodden down by life.'

It is said also concerning the sophists and those advocating the 'wisdoms of this age' and of its 'rulers': 'Their strong ones trod down those holding stones'; what kind of stone, the stone of Christ? 'For the stone was Christ.' Thus also 'Aaron's rod trod down the rods of the Egyptians who rejoiced' (Ex 7:12), being symbolically shown that the confession of the truth conquers the 'false names of knowledges.' If, therefore, he 'presses down' and begins to conquer, 'the place,' which he holds through 'the gathering of stones,' 'will deceive him,' being unsubstantial.

Greek

φαύλων ἀπατῶντα ἀγαθοὺς ὄφεις ἀναιρετικοὺς γεννᾷ, οἵτινες ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου καταπατοῦνται κατὰ τὸν ψαλμὸν λέγοντα περὶ τοῦ τελείου· "ἐπ' ἀσπίδα καὶ βασιλίσκον βήσεις καὶ καταπατήσεις λέοντα καὶ δράκοντα." οἱ δὲ τοιοῦτοι οὐχ ἱματίων εἰσὶν ὑφάνται τῶν καλυπτόντων τὴν ἀσχημοσύνην τῆς ἁμαρτίας, ἀλλὰ ἀράχνης ἀνωφελοῦς καὶ εὐδιαλύτου, ὅπερ δηλοῦται καὶ ἐκ τοῦ· "οὐ μὴ 55 περιβάλλωνται ἀπὸ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν" το»ῦ» σπουδαίου περιβαλλομένου ἀπὸ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν ἑαυτοῦ, ὡς παρρησιαζόμενον καὶ εὐχαριστοῦντα λέγειν· "ἀγαλλιάσεται ἡ ψυχή μου ἐπὶ τῷ κυρίῳ· ἐνέδυσεν γάρ με ἱμάτιον σωτηρίου·" ὅπερ ἱμάτιον προστάττει Παῦλος ἐνδύεσθαι λέγων· "ἐνδύσασθε σπλάγχνα οἰκτιρμοῦ" καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. καὶ πάλιν· "ἐνδύσασθε τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν." τοῦτο τὸ ἱμάτιον οὐκ ἔστιν ἀράχνη· ἀφθαρσία γάρ ἐστιν καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μένον· τὸ σ δὲ τῶν φαύλων ἀνυπόστατόν ἐστιν· κακία γάρ. διὸ εἴρηται· "ζητηθήσεται ἡ ἁμαρτία αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐ μὴ 223 εὑρεθῇ δι' αὑτήν·" ἀράχνῃ γὰρ ἔοικεν ······ ··· διαλυομένη· διὸ καὶ σκηνήν, ἀλλ' οὐκ οἶκον ἔχει ὡς ὁ τοὺς Ἰησοῦ λόγους φυλάττ̣ων. ἐὰν ἐπερείσῃ τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ, οὐ μὴ στῇ. ο῾̣ ἀσεβὴς̣ γοῦν· ὃς δ' ἂν κομψείᾳ καὶ πιθανότητι μὴ ἀγαθῇ συνιστᾷ τὰ οἰκία ἀπάτης, οὗτος ὑπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας ἐλεγχόμενος οὐ μὴ στῃ῀̣, ὡς μηδὲ στάσιν δύνασθαι ἔχειν αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀπάτην. ἐπι̣λαμβανομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ οὐ μὴ ὑπομείνῃ. ῥᾷστα γὰρ ἡ τῶν φαύλων ἐπίνοια σκηνὴ ὀνομαζομένη καταπίπτουσα εὐάλωτός ἐστιν οὕτως, ὡς μηδὲ δοκεῖν γεγονέναι ποτέ. ὑγρὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὑπὸ ἡλίου, καὶ ἐκ σαπρίας αὐτοῦ ὁ ῥάδαμνος αὐτοῦ ἐξελεύσεται. ὑποτίθεται χαῦνόν τινα εἶναι τὸν βίον τοῦ ἀσεβοῦς ὡς ὑπὸ θέρμης βραχείας διαλυόμενον. οὐ ξενιστέον δέ, εἰ "ὑγρὸς ὑπὸ ἡλίου" λέγεται εἶναι· ἔστιν γάρ, ἃ διαλύεται ὑπὸ ἡλίου ὡς κηρός, ἐπεὶ καὶ ὑπὸ πυρός. οὕτως οὖν ἔσται ὁ ἀσεβής. εἴρηται γάρ· "ὡς τήκεται κηρὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου πυρός, οὕτως ἀπόλοιντο οἱ ἁμαρτωλοὶ ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ θεοῦ." διυγραινόμενος δὲ ὑπὸ "ἡλίου"–οὐ τοῦ "τῆς δικαιοσύνης", ἀλλ' ἐκείνου, περὶ οὗ λέγεται· "ἡμέρας ὁ ἥλιος οὐ συνκαύσει σε"– ῥάδαμνον ἐξάγει ἐκ κακίας καὶ σαπρίας βλαστῶντα "ὑπ' ἐκείνην" γινόμενος "τὴν φυτείαν, ἣν ὁ πατὴρ οὐκ ἐφύτευσεν, 224 ἥτις καὶ ἐκριζωθήσεται." ἐπὶ συναγωγὴν λίθων κοιμᾶται, ἐν δὲ μέσῳ χαλίκων ζήσεται. τοῦτο λέγει, ὅτι ὁ ἀσεβὴς ἀντίθεος εἶναι καὶ ἀντι´̣χριστος εἶναι βούλεται. ὁ μὲν γὰρ θεὸς ἐν ναῷ καὶ Χριστὸς οἰκεῖ κατὰ τὸ εἰρημένον· "οὐκ οἴδατε, ὅτι ναὸς θεοῦ ἐστε καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ θεοῦ οἰκεῖ ἐν ὑμῖν;" καὶ πάλιν λέγεται· "ἐάν τις ἀγαπᾷ με, ἐλευσόμεθα ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ καὶ μονὴν παρ' αὐτῷ ποιησόμεθα·" "Χριστοῦ γὰρ οἶκός ἐσμεν ἡμεῖς, ἐὰν τὴν παρρησίαν καὶ τὸ καύχημα μέχρι τέλους βεβαίαν κατάσχωμεν." οἶκος δέ ἐστιν λίθων σύνθεσις κατὰ τέχνην πρὸς ἑτέροις ἕνωσιν ἔχων· τοιοῦτον δὲ ἡ ἀρετὴ καὶ ἡ ἁγνότης καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ μετουσία τοῦ ἑνός. ἐσκορπισμένον δέ τί ἐστιν ἡ συναγωγὴ τῶν λίθων καὶ ἡ μίξις τῶν χαλίκων, παραπλησίον τῇ κακίᾳ τῇ μὴ ἐχούσῃ ἕνωσιν, ἀλλ' ἀταξίαν. ὁ ἀσεβὴς οὖν ἅπασαν τὴν διαγωγὴν ἐν οἴκῳ κακίας ἔχει διαλελυμένος κατὰ τοὺς ἔξω οἰκοδομῆς λίθους, οἳ οὐχ ἁρμόζουσιν "τῇ οἰκοδομῇ τοῦ πύργου" κατὰ τὸν Ποιμένα. ἐὰν καταπίῃ, ὁ τόπος ψεύσεται αὐτόν. εἰ καὶ τὰ τού_6_τ_ο_υ6 ῥήματα, ὅσα ἐντρεχῆ ὑπάρχει, ὑπάγωμεν διανοίαις, ὧν εἰσι πλησίον αἱ ὑπὸ σπουδαίων εἰρημέναι, οὐ δεῖ ξενίζεσθαι. εἶπεν γάρ· "ἐπερώτησον γενεὰν πρώτην, ἐξιχνίασον δὲ κατὰ γένος πατέρων", 225 ὡς καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπ' αὐτῶν μαθών· καὶ μὴ διόλου σώζει τοὺς λογισμοὺς διὰ τὸ μὴ οἴεσθαι, εἰ μὴ δι' ἁμαρτίας, μὴ περιπίπτειν ἀνιαροῖς τινα. τὸ "καταπίῃ" οὖν πολλάκις ἐπὶ νίκης ἐν τῇ γραφῇ λαμβάνεται ὡς τό· "κατεπόθη Ἰσδραήλ, ἐγένετο ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ὡς σκεῦος ἄχρηστον," τουτέστι νενίκηται. καὶ πάλιν· "ἐν τῷ ἐπαναστῆναι ἀνθρώπους ἐφ' ἡμᾶς, ἆρα ζῶντας ἂν κατέπιον ἡμᾶς;" καὶ πάλιν· "ἵνα καταποθῇ τὸ θνητὸν ὑπὸ τῆς ζωῆς." λέγεται οὖν καὶ περὶ τῶν σοφιστῶν καὶ τῶν πρεσβευόντων τὰς "σοφίας τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου" καὶ τῶν "ἀρχόντων αὐτοῦ"· "κατεπόθησαν ἐχόμενα πέτρας οἱ κραταιοὶ αὐτῶν·" ποίας δὴ πέτρας ἢ τοῦ Χριστοῦ; "ἡ γὰρ πέτρα ἦν ὁ Χριστός." οὕτω καὶ "ἡ ῥάβδος Ἀαρὼν τὰς ῥάβδους τῶν ἐπαοιδῶν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων κατέπιεν", συμβολικῶς δεικνυμένου, ὅτι "τὰς ψευδωνύμους 56 γνώσεις" ἡ τῆς ἀληθέιας ὁμολογία νικᾷ. ἐὰν οὖν "καταπίῃ" καὶ ἄρξῃ νικᾶν, "ὁ τόπος", ὃν ἐπέχει διὰ "τῆς συναγωγῆς τῶν λίθων", "ψεύσεται αὐτόν", ἀνυπόστατος

About this text

Didymus the Blind on Job.

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Khazarzar scan

Witnesses

  • Copy-text PG (Khazarzar) (Greek)

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