Virgin Birth

Justin Martyr, First Apology 22

Justin Martyr · c. 100–c. 165 AD

Even if the Jesus who is called Son of God were merely a man in the ordinary sense, he would still be worthy of that title because of his wisdom; after all, every writer calls God the father of both men and gods. But if we also say that he was begotten from God in a unique way, distinct from ordinary birth, and that he is the Word of God — as we said before — let this be common ground with you who claim that Hermes is the Word of God, the messenger from God. And if anyone objects to his crucifixion, that too is common ground with the sons who suffered beforehand, according to your tradition, who belong to Zeus. For the sufferings of death among those figures are not told as similar but as different; therefore, the unique character of his suffering should not be thought lesser. Instead, as we promised, as the argument proceeds we will demonstrate it to be even greater — indeed, it has already been demonstrated, for the greater one is revealed by his actions. And if we also say that he was born of a virgin, let that also be common ground with Perseus. And when we say that he made the lame, the paralyzed, and those born with defects healthy, and raised the dead, we will appear to be saying things similar to what is said to have been done by Asclepius.

Greek

Υἱὸς δὲ θεοῦ, ὁ Ιησοῦς λεγόμενος, εἰ καὶ κοινῶς μόνον ἄνθρωπος, διὰ σοφίαν ἄξιος υἱὸς θεοῦ λέγεσθαι· πατέρα γὰρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε πάντες συγγραφεῖς τὸν θεὸν καλοῦσιν. Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἰδίως, παρὰ τὴν κοινὴν γένεσιν, γεγεννῆσθαι αὐτὸν ἐκ θεοῦ λέγομεν λόγον θεοῦ, ὡς προέφημεν, κοινὸν τοῦτο ἔστω ὑμῖν τοῖς τὸν Ἑρμῆν λόγον τὸν παρὰ θεοῦ ἀγγελτικὸν λέγουσιν. Εἰ δὲ αἰτιάσαιτό τις ἐσταυρῶσθαι αὐτόν, καὶ τοῦτο κοινὸν τοῖς προκατηριθμημένοις παθοῦσιν υἱοῖς καθ᾿ ὑμᾶς τοῖ Διὸς ὑπάρχει. Ἐκείνων τε γὰρ οὐχ ὅμοια τὰ πάθη τοῦ θανάτου ἀλλὰ διάφορα ἱστορεῖται· ὥστε μηδὲ τὸ ἴδιον τοῦ πάθους ἥττονα δοκεῖν εἶναι τοῦτον, ἀλλ᾿, ὡς ὑπεσχόμεθα, προϊόντος τοῦ λόγου καὶ κρείττονα ἀποδείξομεν, μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ ἀποδέδεικται· ὁ γὰρ κρείττων ἐκ τῶν πράξεων φαίνεται. Εἰ δὲ καὶ διὰ παρθένου γεγεννῆσθαι φέρομεν, κοινὸν καὶ τοῦτο πρὸς τὸν Περσέα ἔστω ὑμῖν. Ὧι δὲ λέγομεν χωλοὺς καὶ παραλυτικοὺς καὶ ἐκ γενετῆς πονηροὺς ὑγιεῖς πεποιηκέναι αὐτὸν καὶ νεκροὺς ἀνεγεῖραι, ὅμοια τοῖς ὑπὸ Ἀσκληπιοῦ γεγενῆσθαι λεγομένοις καὶ ταῦτα φάσκειν δόξομεν.

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